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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean<br><br>In addition to the learner-internal aspects CLKs' awareness of the need to be pragmatic and the social ties they were able to draw from were important. For instance, RIs from TS and ZL both mentioned their relationships with their local professors as a major reason for them to choose to avoid expressing criticism of a strict professor (see example 2).<br><br>This article reviews all local pragmatic research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on practical fundamental topics like:<br><br>Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs)<br><br>The discourse completion test is a common instrument in pragmatic research. It has many advantages, but also a few disadvantages. For instance, the DCT cannot take into account cultural and personal variations in communication. Furthermore it is also the case that the DCT is susceptible to bias and could result in overgeneralizations. As a result, it should be analyzed carefully before it is used for research or for assessment purposes.<br><br>Despite its limitations, the DCT can be a valuable tool for investigating the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. Its ability to manipulate social variables relevant to the manner of speaking in two or more steps can be a benefit. This feature can help researchers understand the role of prosody in communicating across cultural contexts, a key issue in cross-cultural pragmatics.<br><br>In the field linguistics, DCT is one of the most useful tools to analyze the communication habits of learners. It can be used to examine various aspects such as politeness, turn-taking, and lexical choice. It can also be used to assess the phonological complexity of the learners' speech.<br><br>A recent study utilized an DCT to evaluate EFL students' refusal skills. The participants were given various scenarios and were asked to choose the appropriate response from the options offered. The authors concluded that the DCT was more effective than other measures to stop people from refusing, including a questionnaire and video recordings. However, the researchers warned that the DCT should be used with caution and should include other types of methods for collecting data.<br><br>DCTs are usually created with specific linguistic requirements in mind, such as the content and the form. These criteria are based on intuition and based upon the assumptions of test designers. They may not be precise and could misrepresent the way ELF learners actually respond to requests in real-world interactions. This issue requires more investigation into alternative methods of assessing refusal competency.<br><br>In a recent study DCT responses to student inquiries via email were compared with the responses of an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCTs preferred more direct and conventionally-indirect request forms and used more hints than email data.<br><br>Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)<br><br>This study examined Chinese learners their pragmatic choices when they use Korean. It used various tools for  [https://www.google.ki/url?q=https://kristensen-edmondson-2.blogbright.net/20-top-tweets-of-all-time-pragmatic-play 프라그마틱 무료체험 슬롯버프] 슬롯체험, [https://www.medflyfish.com/index.php?action=profile;area=forumprofile;u=5362405 more about Medflyfish], experimentation including Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions and Refusal Interviews. Participants were 46 CLKs of upper-intermediate who participated in DCTs, MQs,  [https://telegra.ph/5-Laws-Thatll-Help-The-Pragmatic-Product-Authentication-Industry-09-15 프라그마틱 이미지] and RIs. They were also required to provide reflections on their assessments and refusals in RIs. The results indicated that the CLKs were more likely to reject native Korean pragmatic norms, and their decisions were influenced by four primary factors that included their personalities, their multilingual identities, ongoing life histories, and relational benefits. These findings have implications for L2 Korean assessment and teaching.<br><br>The MQ data was analyzed in order to identify the participants' actual choices. The data were categorized according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the selections were matched with their linguistic performance on the DCTs to determine whether they reflected pragmatic resistance or not. Additionally, the participants were asked to explain their choice of pragmatic behavior in a particular scenario.<br><br>The results of the MQs, DCTs and z-tests were analysed using descriptive statistics and z tests. The CLKs were found employ euphemistic phrases such as "sorry" or "thank you". This is likely due to their lack experience with the target languages, which led to an inadequate knowledge of korean's pragmatic norms. The results revealed that CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 norms or departing from both L1 as well as L2 pragmatic norms varies according to the DCT situations. In the scenarios 3 and 12 CLKs favored diverging from both L1pragmatic norms - and L2-pragmatic norms while in Situation 14, CLKs preferred convergence to L1 norms.<br><br>The RIs also revealed CLKs were aware of their pragmatism in every DCT situation. The RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis within two days of participants having completed the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribed, and then coded by two coders who were independent. Coding was an iterative process, where the coders listened and discussed each transcript. The coding results were then compared to the original RI transcripts, giving an indication of how the RIs captured the underlying pragmatic behaviors.<br><br>Interviews for refusal<br><br>A key question of pragmatic research is the reason why learners are hesitant to adhere to native-speaker pragmatic norms. Recent research attempted to answer this question using various experimental tools, including DCTs MQs and RIs. The participants comprised 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. Participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs either in their L1 or L2. Then, they were invited to a RI where they were asked to think about their responses to the DCT situations.<br><br>The results showed that CLKs, on average, did not conform to the pragmatic norms of native speakers in more than 40 percent of their responses. They did so even though they could produce native-like patterns. They were aware of their practical resistance. They attributed their decision to learner-internal factors like their personality and multilingual identities. They also mentioned external factors, like relational advantages. They described, for example, how their interactions with their professors helped them to perform more comfortably in terms of the cultural and linguistic standards of their university.<br><br>The interviewees expressed their concern about the social pressures or penalties they might face if their local social norms were violated. They were worried that their native friends would perceive them as "foreigners" and believe they are incompetent. This was a concern similar to the concerns voiced by Brown (2013) and  [https://kejser-agger-5.technetbloggers.de/what-will-pragmatic-kr-be-like-in-100-years-1726445799/ 프라그마틱 순위] 데모 - [http://shenasname.ir/ask/user/feastviola59 Http://shenasname.Ir] - Ishihara (2009).<br><br>These findings suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are not the norm for Korean learners. They may still be a useful model for official Korean proficiency tests. But it is advisable for future researchers to revisit their applicability in specific situations and in different cultural contexts. This will help them better understand the effect of different cultural contexts on the behavior of students and classroom interactions of students in L2. This will also aid educators create better methods for teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risk consulting.<br><br>Case Studies<br><br>The case study method is an investigational strategy that uses participant-centered, in-depth investigations to explore a specific subject. This method utilizes various sources of data, such as interviews, observations, and  프라그마틱 슬롯 하는법 ([https://familydrink46.bravejournal.net/10-pragmatic-tips-all-experts-recommend click through the following website]) documents, to prove its findings. This kind of research is useful for examining specific or complex subjects that are difficult to measure with other methods.<br><br>In a case study, the first step is to clearly define the subject and the purpose of the study. This will allow you to identify what aspects of the subject must be investigated and which can be omitted. It is also beneficial to review existing literature related to the subject to gain a greater knowledge of the subject and place the case in a broader theoretical context.<br><br>This study was based on an open-source platform called the KMMLU Leaderboard [50], and its Korean-specific benchmarks HyperCLOVA X and LDCC Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this study revealed that L2 Korean learners were extremely vulnerable to the influence of native models. They tended to select wrong answer options that were literal interpretations of the prompts, deviating from the correct pragmatic inference. They also showed a distinct tendency of adding their own text or "garbage" to their responses. This also lowered the quality of their responses.<br><br>The participants of this study were all L2 Korean students who had attained level four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their second or third year of university and were hoping to achieve level six on their next attempt. They were questioned about their WTC/SPCC, their pragmatic awareness and understanding and their perception of the world.<br><br>Interviewees were presented with two hypothetical situations involving an interaction with their co-workers and were asked to choose one of the strategies below to employ when making a demand. They were then asked to provide the reasons behind their decision. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatist opposition to their personalities. For instance, TS claimed that she was difficult to talk to, and therefore refused to ask about the health of her interlocutors despite having the burden of a job despite the fact that she believed that native Koreans would ask.