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This is the primary step to efficiently burning the fuel and reducing pollutants smoke, creosote, and accumulation in the flue.<br><br>It is important to note that the temperature required for secondary combustion varies with the type of fuel used and the conditions of the environment. The best way to limit these variations is by using dry firewood that is seasoned and has an average moisture content of less than 20%.<br><br>Additionally, the amount of air that is supplied to the fire can have a significant impact on its heat output and time to burn. The higher the amount of oxygen available, the more hot a fire will burn and the shorter its burn time. When the air supply is not sufficient a wood fire produces less heat and burn at a lower rate.<br><br>To ensure maximum burn time and efficiency, a wood stove or fireplace insert must be equipped with an adjustable air damper. 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This is why it's crucial to consider your heating requirements and the fuel costs when selecting your firewood.<br><br>Clean Burning<br><br>Wood smoke can create indoor air pollutants, which can irritate lungs and cause respiratory distress in children and seniors. These pollutants include volatile aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as benzo-a-pyrene and formaldehyde as well as volatile organic compounds such as benzene. When wood is burned and smolders, volatile tars like creosote are also released.<br><br>Smoke from poorly-designed wood stoves and fire places can contribute to poor air quality outside, reducing visibility and contributing photochemical pollution. If used properly, however modern combustion technology in new wood stoves that burn clean and in fire places can reduce these emissions.<br><br>Stage 1 - Vaporization of Moisture: As the log gets warmer it releases water vapour, which escapes through the chimney flue. This is more energy-intensive than when the log was dried prior to burning. This wastes energy which could be used to warm your home.<br><br>The vapors in the flue with carbon particles to produce smoke. Smoke is a major contributor to particulate matter in the air and is among the main sources of smog that we see on clear days.<br><br>If properly used Wood stoves and fireplaces that use clean burn technology can reduce the problem by burning the logs into a charcoal-like state, which releases less volatile gasses and produces most of the energy from the log as usable heat.<br><br>Avoid using damp or sour wood for your fire as it is more difficult to burn and produces a lot more creosote than well-seasoned wood. Don't over-load your stove with soft and thin wood like pine or fir as it requires more energy to burn them and they also produce more smoke, which can lead to chimney fires.<br><br>Always wait until the ashes have cool before handling them. 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On the other hand, mature logs are more efficient and clean. Seasoned wood is darker, has cracks along the ends of the grain and makes a hollow sound when you tap it. Keep your logs outside, neatly stacking them with the top covered but permitting air circulation around them.<br><br>The appliances that are overloaded generate more smoke and less warmth. Fires that are overloaded can also produce dangerous levels of carbon monoxide. If you own an older appliance that has a lining made of metal, you should inspect the liner regularly for signs of wear and tear that could cause an explosion in the chimney.<br><br>The EPA suggests using dry, split and well-seasoned wood to help reduce the amount of smoke you breathe in your home. Make a fire using small pieces. Avoid using soft woods like pine, which are good for starting your fire up and running however should not be used for more than that. 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A variety of issues could cause a fire to completely burn, including dampers that have not been properly closed or damaged in the chimney liner and an absence of regular cleaning and the removal of ash.<br><br>Creosote may build up in large amounts when wood isn't properly seasoned. This is because nearly half the weight of a piece of wood is water. The water is heated during the fire and releases heat. It also consumes energy. The water vapor that results is then absorbed as creosote and released into the air as part of the smoke.<br><br>Another harmful side effect of burning wood is soot. Soot is softer than creosote, however it can stick to the walls of your fireplace and impede air circulation. It is also an hazard to fire because it is easily ignited when exposed to gases that are combustible.<br><br>Take the ashes out of your fireplace and store them in an ash container made of metal. Keep it outside on a non-flammable surface. 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