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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean<br><br>In addition to learner-internal factors CLKs' understanding of pragmatic resistance and the relationship advantages they could draw on were crucial. The RIs from TS and ZL, for example mentioned their relationship with their local professor as a major factor in their rational decision to avoid criticism of a strict professor (see the example 2).<br><br>This article reviews all locally published practical research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on core practical issues, including:<br><br>Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs)<br><br>The test for discourse completion is a common instrument in pragmatic research. It has many advantages,  [https://jisuzm.tv/home.php?mod=space&uid=5332511 프라그마틱 무료체험 메타] but it also has some disadvantages. For example the DCT is unable to account for the cultural and individual variations in communication. Furthermore the DCT can be biased and may cause overgeneralizations. Therefore, it must be carefully analyzed prior to using it for research or for assessment purposes.<br><br>Despite its limitations the DCT is a useful tool for analyzing the relationship between prosody, information structure, and non-native speakers. The ability to manipulate the social variables that are relevant to politeness in two or more steps can be a strength. This can assist researchers study the role of prosody in communication across cultural contexts, a key issue in cross-cultural pragmatics.<br><br>In the field of linguistics DCT is one of the most effective tools used for analyzing communication behaviors of learners. It can be used to analyze various issues, including politeness, turn-taking, and the choices made in lexical use. It can also be used to determine the phonological difficulty of learners speaking.<br><br>A recent study used a DCT to test EFL students' refusal skills. Participants were presented with an array of scenarios and were asked to select an appropriate response from the options provided. The authors found the DCT to be more efficient than other methods of refusal like the use of a questionnaire or video recordings. The researchers cautioned that the DCT must be used with caution. They also recommended using other methods of data collection.<br><br>DCTs are typically developed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, such as the content and the form. These criteria are intuitive and based upon the assumptions of test designers. They aren't always precise and could misrepresent the way ELF learners actually respond to requests in real-world interactions. This issue requires further studies of different methods of assessing refusal ability.<br><br>In a recent research study, DCT responses to student inquiries via email were compared to the responses of an oral DCT. The results revealed that the DCT encouraged more direct and conventionally form-based requests, and a lesser use of hints than the email data did.<br><br>Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)<br><br>This study examined Chinese learners' decisions regarding their use of Korean using a variety of experimental tools, such as Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs) Metapragmatic Questionnaires, Refusal Interviews (RIs). Participants were 46 CLKs with upper-intermediate ability who provided responses to MQs and DCTs. They were also asked for reflections on their assessments and their refusals to participate in RIs. The results revealed that CLKs frequently chose to resist native Korean pragmatic norms, and their choices were influenced by four major factors that included their personalities, multilingual identities, ongoing lives, and their relational advantages. These findings have pedagogical consequences for L2 Korean assessment.<br><br>First, the MQ data were analyzed to determine the participants' rational choices. The data were classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the choices were matched with their linguistic performance in the DCTs to determine if they reflected pragmatic resistance or not. The interviewees were asked to justify their choices of behavior in a given situation.<br><br>The results of the MQs and DCTs were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and z-tests. The CLKs were found to employ euphemistic phrases such as "sorry" or "thank you". This is likely due to their lack of familiarity with the target languages, leading to an insufficient understanding of the korean pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preferences to differ from L1 and L2 norms or to converge towards L1 varied depending on the DCT circumstances. In the scenarios 3 and 12, CLKs preferred diverging from both L1pragmatic norms - and L2-pragmatic norms while in Situation 14, CLKs preferred convergence to L1 norms.<br><br>The RIs also revealed that the CLKs were aware their own pragmatism in each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted one-to-one basis within two days of the participants completing the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribing, and then coded by two independent coders. The coders worked in an iterative manner by the coders, re-reading and discussing each transcript. The results of the coding process were contrasted with the original RI transcripts,  [https://valetinowiki.racing/wiki/5_Tools_Everyone_Involved_In_Pragmatickr_Industry_Should_Be_Using 프라그마틱 사이트] 무료 [https://freebookmarkstore.win/story.php?title=ten-pragmatic-myths-that-arent-always-true 프라그마틱 슬롯 환수율]버프 - [https://www.google.gr/url?q=https://traysmash2.bravejournal.net/your-family-will-thank-you-for-having-this-pragmatic-slots-return-rate Https://Www.Google.Gr/Url?Q=Https://Traysmash2.Bravejournal.Net/Your-Family-Will-Thank-You-For-Having-This-Pragmatic-Slots-Return-Rate] - giving an indication of how the RIs accurately portrayed the core behaviors.<br><br>Refusal Interviews (RIs)<br><br>The key question in pragmatic research is: Why do certain learners choose not to accept native-speaker norms? A recent study sought to answer this question by employing a variety of research tools, including DCTs, MQs, and RIs. Participants comprised 46 CLKs and 44 CNSs from five Korean Universities. They were asked to complete the DCTs in their native language and complete the MQs in either their L1 or L2. They were then invited to an RI where they were required to think about and discuss their responses to each DCT situation.<br><br>The results showed that, on average, the CLKs rejected native-speaker pragmatic norms in over 40% of their responses. They did so even though they could create patterns that resembled native ones. They were aware of their practical resistance. They attributed their decisions to learner-internal aspects such as their identities, personalities, multilingual identities, and ongoing life histories. They also referred external factors, like relational benefits. For instance, they outlined how their relationships with professors facilitated a more relaxed performance in regards to the intercultural and linguistic standards of their university.<br><br>The interviewees expressed their concern about the social pressures or penalties they might face when their social norms were not followed. They were worried that their native friends might perceive them as "foreignersand consider them unintelligent. This concern was similar in nature to that expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).<br><br>These results suggest that native speakers pragmatic norms aren't the norm for Korean learners. They could still be useful as a model for official Korean proficiency tests. However, it is prudent for future researchers to reassess their applicability in specific situations and in various contexts. This will help them better understand the effect of different cultural contexts on the classroom behavior and interactions of L2 students. This will also assist educators to develop better methods for teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor for Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consultancy based out of Seoul.<br><br>Case Studies<br><br>The case study method is a method that focuses on deep, participatory investigations to study a specific subject. This method uses various sources of data including interviews, observations and documents to prove its findings. This kind of research is useful for examining unique or complex subjects that are difficult to quantify using other methods.<br><br>The first step in a case study is to clearly define the subject matter and the purpose of the study. This will help determine what aspects of the subject matter are essential for research and which are best left out. It is also beneficial to review the existing research to gain a broad knowledge of the subject and place the case in a larger theoretical context.<br><br>This case study was based on an open source platform such as the KMMLU leaderboard [50], and its benchmarks that are specific to Korea, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this experiment showed that L2 Korean learners were highly dependent on the influence of native models. They were more likely to pick incorrect answer choices which were literal interpretations. This was a departure from a precise pragmatic inference. They also exhibited a strong tendency to include their own text, or "garbage," to their responses, further detracting from the quality of their responses.<br><br>The participants in this study were L2 Korean students who had attained level four on the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their second or third year of university and were hoping to achieve level six on their next attempt. They were asked to answer questions regarding their WTC/SPCC, as well as understanding and pragmatic awareness.<br><br>The interviewees were given two scenarios, each of which involved a hypothetical interaction with their interactants and were asked to select one of the following strategies to use when making an inquiry. The interviewees were asked to justify their choice. Most participants attributed their pragmatic opposition to their personality. TS for instance stated that she was difficult to get along with and was hesitant to ask about the wellbeing of her colleague when they had a heavy work load, even though she believed native Koreans would.