Created page with "What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics examines the relationship between language and context. It addresses questions such as What do people actually mean when they use words?<br><br>It's a philosophies of practical and sensible action. It's in contrast to idealism, which is the belief that you must always abide to your beliefs.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of ways that language users find meaning from and each one another. It is often seen as..."
 
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What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics examines the relationship between language and context. It addresses questions such as What do people actually mean when they use words?<br><br>It's a philosophies of practical and sensible action. It's in contrast to idealism, which is the belief that you must always abide to your beliefs.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of ways that language users find meaning from and each one another. It is often seen as a component of language, but it differs from semantics because pragmatics is focused on what the user wants to convey, not what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research field it is still young and its research has grown rapidly over the last few decades. It has been primarily an academic field of study within linguistics but it also has an impact on research in other fields such as speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics and Anthropology.<br><br>There are many different approaches to pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this discipline. One example is the Gricean approach to pragmatics which focuses on the notion of intention and how it interacts with the speaker's comprehension of the listener's. Other perspectives on pragmatics include lexical and conceptual approaches to pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the diversity of topics that researchers in pragmatics have researched.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has covered a broad variety of topics, including pragmatic understanding in L2 and request production by EFL students, and the role of the theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It can also be applied to social and cultural phenomena, such as political discourse, discriminatory language and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers also have employed diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C demonstrates that the size of the knowledge base on pragmatics is different depending on which database is used. The US and the UK are two of the top performers in pragmatics research. However, their position varies depending on the database. This is because pragmatics is a multidisciplinary area that intersects other disciplines.<br><br>It is therefore difficult to determine the top pragmatics authors according to the number of publications they have published. It is possible to identify influential authors based on their contributions to pragmatics. Bambini, for example, has contributed to pragmatics by introducing concepts such as politeness theories and conversational implicititure. Other highly influential authors in the field of pragmatics are Grice, Saul and Kasper.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics concentrates on the users and contexts of language usage, rather than on reference, truth, or grammar. It examines the ways that an phrase can be understood to mean different things in different contexts, including those caused by ambiguity or indexicality. It also focuses on the strategies used by listeners to determine which utterances have a communicative intent. It is closely linked to the theory of conversative implicature, which was pioneered by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is a well-known and long-established one, [http://49.234.213.44/pragmaticplay0409/pragmatic-kr2020/wiki/Five-Killer-Quora-Answers-On-Pragmatic-Kr 프라그마틱 무료체험 슬롯버프] there is a lot of debate regarding the exact boundaries of these fields. For instance some philosophers have claimed that the notion of a sentence meaning is an aspect of semantics while others have argued that this type of thing should be treated as a pragmatic issue.<br><br>Another issue that has been a source of contention is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered an linguistics-related branch or an aspect of philosophy of language. Some researchers have argued pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be treated as part of linguistics alongside the study of phonology. Syntax, semantics, etc. Others, however, have argued that the study of pragmatics is part of the philosophy of language because it focuses on the ways that our concepts of the meaning and use of language affect our theories about how languages function.<br><br>There are a few major issues in the study of pragmatics that have fuelled much of this debate. For example, some scholars have claimed that pragmatics isn't a subject in its own right because it studies the ways that people interpret and use language without necessarily being able to provide any information about what is actually being said. This sort of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that the subject should be considered a field in its own right since it examines the manner in which the meaning and usage of language is affected by cultural and social factors. This is called near-side pragmatism.<br><br>The field of pragmatics also focuses on the inferential nature of utterances as well as the role of primary pragmatic processes in determining the meaning of what a speaker is expressing in the sentence. Recanati and Bach discuss these issues in greater depth. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment. These are significant pragmatic processes that help shape the meaning of an utterance.<br><br>What is the difference between explanatory and free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics examines how context affects linguistic meaning. It focuses on how human language is used during social interaction and the relationship between speaker and interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics.<br><br>Over the years, many theories of pragmatism were developed. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics, focus on the communicative intention of the speaker. Others, like Relevance Theory, focus on the processes of understanding that occur during utterance interpretation by hearers. Certain approaches to pragmatics have been combined with other disciplines, including cognitive science and philosophy.<br><br>There are also a variety of opinions regarding the boundaries between semantics and pragmatics. Certain philosophers, such as Morris, believe that pragmatics and semantics are two distinct topics. He claims semantics concerns the relationship of signs to objects they may or may not refer to, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in context.<br><br>Other philosophers like Bach and Harnish have argued that pragmatism is a subfield within semantics. They differentiate between 'near-side and far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics is concerned with what is said while far-side focuses on the logical implications of a statement. They claim that some of the 'pragmatics' of an utterance is already determined by semantics, while other 'pragmatics' is defined by the processes of inference.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that the same word can mean different things in different contexts, based on things like indexicality and ambiguity. Other elements that can alter the meaning of an expression are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, as well as the expectations of the listener.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is a matter of culture. This is due to different cultures having their own rules about what is appropriate to say in different situations. In certain cultures, it's polite to look at each other. In other cultures, it's considered rude.<br><br>There are various perspectives on pragmatics and much research is being conducted in this field. Some of the most important areas of research are formal and computational pragmatics theoretic and experimental pragmatics; intercultural and cross-linguistic pragmatics; and clinical and experimental pragmatics.<br><br>What is the relationship between free Pragmatics and to explanation Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics in linguistics is concerned with the way meaning is conveyed through the use of language in context. It analyzes the ways in which the speaker's intention and beliefs influence interpretation, focusing less on grammaral characteristics of the expression rather than what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who specialize on pragmatics. The subject of pragmatics is related to other areas of linguistics like syntax, semantics, and the philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent times, the field of pragmatics evolved in a variety of directions. This includes computational linguistics as well as conversational pragmatics. There is a wide range of research in these areas, addressing topics such as the role of lexical features, the interaction between discourse and language, and the nature of meaning itself.<br><br>In the philosophical discussion of pragmatics one of the main questions is whether it is possible to provide a thorough and systematic analysis of the interplay between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers have suggested that it's not (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is not well-defined and that they are the identical.<br><br>The debate between these two positions is usually an ongoing debate and scholars arguing that particular phenomena are a part of semantics or  [http://www.stardustpray.top:30009/pragmaticplay8187 프라그마틱 슬롯 추천] 무료[https://git.gday.express/pragmaticplay7201/3843www.pragmatickr.com/wiki/The-Reasons-Pragmatic-Slots-Site-Is-More-Difficult-Than-You-Imagine 프라그마틱 슬롯 사이트] - [https://code.weiwen.org/pragmaticplay6764 Recommended Looking at] - pragmatics. Some scholars believe that if a statement is interpreted with the literal truth conditional meaning, it's semantics. Others contend that the possibility that a statement may be interpreted in different ways is pragmatics.<br><br>Other pragmatics researchers have adopted an alternative approach. They argue that the truth-conditional interpretation for  [https://vcc808.site/pragmaticplay7862 프라그마틱 게임] a statement is only one of many possible interpretations, [http://www.sri-robot.cn:30000/pragmaticplay2089 프라그마틱 슬롯 무료체험] and that they are all valid. This approach is sometimes called "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Recent work in pragmatics has sought to integrate semantic and far-side approaches, attempting to capture the full scope of the possibilities for interpretation of a utterance by demonstrating how the speaker's intentions and beliefs contribute to the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. The 2019 version incorporates a Gricean model of the Rational Speech Act framework, with technological innovations created by Franke and Bergen. The model predicts that listeners will have to entertain a myriad of exhausted interpretations of an speech utterance that includes the universal FCI Any. This is the reason why the exclusivity implicature is so robust compared to other plausible implications.
What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses questions like what do people mean by the terms they use?<br><br>It's a philosophy that is based on practical and sensible action. It's in opposition to idealism, the belief that you must abide to your beliefs.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the ways that people who speak find meaning from and each other. It is often thought of as a component of language, but it differs from semantics in that it concentrates on what the user is trying to convey and not what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research field, pragmatics is relatively young and its research has grown quickly in the past few decades. It is a language academic field, but it has also affected research in other areas such as psychology, sociolinguistics and [https://telegra.ph/The-Ultimate-Glossary-Of-Terms-About-Pragmatic-Game-12-16 프라그마틱 사이트] the field of anthropology.<br><br>There are many different views on pragmatics, and they have contributed to its growth and development. One example is the Gricean approach to pragmatics that focuses on the concept of intention and how it affects the speaker's comprehension of the listener's. The lexical and concept approaches to pragmatics are also views on the subject. These perspectives have contributed to the variety of topics that researchers in pragmatics have researched.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has focused on a broad range of topics, including L2 pragmatic comprehension, production of requests by EFL learners, and the role of theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It has been applied to cultural and social phenomena such as political discourse, discriminatory speech and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers have also used a variety of methodologies that range from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>The size of the knowledge base in pragmatics differs according to the database, as illustrated in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are among the top producers of pragmatics research, yet their positions differ based on the database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is an interconnected field that is inextricably linked with other disciplines.<br><br>It is therefore hard to classify the top authors in pragmatics solely according to the number of their publications. However, it is possible to identify the most influential authors through analyzing their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For instance Bambini's contribution in pragmatics includes pioneering concepts such as conversational implicature and politeness theory. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also influential authors of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on the contexts and users of language use rather than focusing on reference grammar, truth, or. It focuses on the ways in which one expression can be understood as meaning various things depending on the context, including those caused by indexicality or ambiguity. It also focuses primarily on the strategies employed by listeners to determine if utterances have a communicative intent. It is closely related to the theory of conversative implicature, which was first developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>The boundaries between these two disciplines is a matter of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is widely known, it isn't always clear where the lines should be drawn. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the concept of sentence's meaning is a part of semantics, while others have argued that this type of thing should be viewed as a pragmatic problem.<br><br>Another issue that has been a source of contention is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered an linguistics-related branch or a part of the philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an independent field and should be considered a part of linguistics alongside phonology. syntax, semantics, [https://moparwiki.win/wiki/Post:The_Top_Reasons_Why_People_Succeed_With_The_Pragmatickr_Industry 프라그마틱 이미지] 추천 ([https://cameradb.review/wiki/15_Top_Live_Casino_Bloggers_You_Should_Follow visit the following post]) etc. Others have argued that the study of pragmatics is a component of philosophy because it deals with how our notions of the meaning and use of languages influence our theories of how languages function.<br><br>This debate has been fueled by a few key issues that are central to the study of pragmatism. Some scholars have suggested for instance, that pragmatics isn't a discipline by itself because it studies how people interpret and use language without necessarily referring to facts about what was actually said. This type of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Certain scholars have argued that this study ought to be considered an academic discipline because it examines how social and [https://imoodle.win/wiki/Dont_Believe_These_Trends_Concerning_Free_Slot_Pragmatic 프라그마틱 불법] cultural factors influence the meaning and use of language. This is known as near-side pragmatics.<br><br>Other topics of discussion in pragmatics are the ways we think about the nature of utterance interpretation as an inferential process and the importance that primary pragmatic processes play in the determination of what is being spoken by the speaker in a particular sentence. These are topics that are more thoroughly discussed in the papers of Recanati and Bach. Both papers deal with the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment. These are crucial pragmatic processes in the sense that they shape the overall meaning of a statement.<br><br>What is the difference between explanatory and free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics examines how the context affects the meaning of linguistics. It examines the way human language is used during social interaction and the relationship between the speaker and interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus in pragmatics.<br><br>Different theories of pragmatics have been developed over the years. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, focus on the intention of communication of the speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory, focus on the processes of understanding that occur during utterance interpretation by hearers. Certain pragmatic approaches have been incorporated together with other disciplines like philosophy or cognitive science.<br><br>There are also a variety of opinions on the boundary between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers, such as Morris, believe that pragmatics and semantics are two distinct topics. He says that semantics deal with the relation of words to objects which they may or may not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the usage of words in a context.<br><br>Other philosophers such as Bach and Harnish have claimed that pragmatism is a subfield of semantics. They define "near-side" and "far-side" pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics focuses on the words spoken, while far-side pragmatics focuses on the logical implications of saying something. They believe that a portion of the 'pragmatics' in an expression are already determined by semantics while the rest is determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is contextually dependent. This means that the same phrase can mean different things in different contexts, based on things like indexicality and ambiguity. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, and expectations of the listener.<br><br>A second aspect of pragmatics is its particularity in culture. This is because each culture has its own rules about what is appropriate in various situations. In certain cultures, it's considered polite to make eye contact. In other cultures, it's considered rude.<br><br>There are a variety of views of pragmatics, and lots of research is being conducted in the field. Some of the main areas of research include: formal and computational pragmatics; theoretical and experimental pragmatics; cross-cultural and intercultural pragmatics; and clinical and experimental pragmatics.<br><br>How is free Pragmatics similar to explanation Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics, a linguistic field, is concerned with the way meaning is conveyed through the use of language in a context. It evaluates how the speaker's intentions and beliefs influence interpretation, with less attention paid to grammaral characteristics of the expression rather than what is said. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are called pragmaticians. The subject of pragmatics is closely related to other areas of linguistics such as semantics, syntax and philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent times the field of pragmatics has evolved in a variety of directions. This includes conversational pragmatics and computational linguistics. These areas are characterized by a wide variety of research, which addresses aspects like lexical features and [https://king-wifi.win/wiki/Heres_A_Little_Known_Fact_About_Pragmatic_Recommendations 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프] the interaction between discourse, language and meaning.<br><br>One of the most important issues in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to provide a rigorous, systematic account of the pragmatics/semantics interface. Some philosophers have claimed that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is not clear and that pragmatics and semantics are actually the identical.<br><br>It is not uncommon for scholars to go back and forth between these two perspectives and argue that certain phenomena are either pragmatics or semantics. Some scholars say that if a statement carries the literal truth conditional meaning, it is semantics. Others argue that the fact that a statement can be read differently is a sign of pragmatics.<br><br>Other pragmatics researchers have taken a different view, arguing that the truth-conditional meaning of an utterance is only one among many ways in which an expression can be understood and that all of these interpretations are valid. This method is often referred to as far-side pragmatics.<br><br>Recent research in pragmatics has attempted to integrate semantic and far side approaches. It attempts to represent the full range of interpretational possibilities that a speaker's speech can offer, by modeling the way in which the speaker's beliefs and intentions affect the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine a Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts that the listeners will be able to consider a variety of possible exhaustified interpretations of an utterance containing the universal FCI any, and that this is what makes the exclusivity implicature so robust as in comparison to other possible implicatures.

Latest revision as of 12:30, 25 December 2024

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses questions like what do people mean by the terms they use?

It's a philosophy that is based on practical and sensible action. It's in opposition to idealism, the belief that you must abide to your beliefs.

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the ways that people who speak find meaning from and each other. It is often thought of as a component of language, but it differs from semantics in that it concentrates on what the user is trying to convey and not what the actual meaning is.

As a research field, pragmatics is relatively young and its research has grown quickly in the past few decades. It is a language academic field, but it has also affected research in other areas such as psychology, sociolinguistics and 프라그마틱 사이트 the field of anthropology.

There are many different views on pragmatics, and they have contributed to its growth and development. One example is the Gricean approach to pragmatics that focuses on the concept of intention and how it affects the speaker's comprehension of the listener's. The lexical and concept approaches to pragmatics are also views on the subject. These perspectives have contributed to the variety of topics that researchers in pragmatics have researched.

The study of pragmatics has focused on a broad range of topics, including L2 pragmatic comprehension, production of requests by EFL learners, and the role of theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It has been applied to cultural and social phenomena such as political discourse, discriminatory speech and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers have also used a variety of methodologies that range from experimental to sociocultural.

The size of the knowledge base in pragmatics differs according to the database, as illustrated in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are among the top producers of pragmatics research, yet their positions differ based on the database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is an interconnected field that is inextricably linked with other disciplines.

It is therefore hard to classify the top authors in pragmatics solely according to the number of their publications. However, it is possible to identify the most influential authors through analyzing their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For instance Bambini's contribution in pragmatics includes pioneering concepts such as conversational implicature and politeness theory. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also influential authors of pragmatics.

What is Free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics focuses on the contexts and users of language use rather than focusing on reference grammar, truth, or. It focuses on the ways in which one expression can be understood as meaning various things depending on the context, including those caused by indexicality or ambiguity. It also focuses primarily on the strategies employed by listeners to determine if utterances have a communicative intent. It is closely related to the theory of conversative implicature, which was first developed by Paul Grice.

The boundaries between these two disciplines is a matter of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is widely known, it isn't always clear where the lines should be drawn. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the concept of sentence's meaning is a part of semantics, while others have argued that this type of thing should be viewed as a pragmatic problem.

Another issue that has been a source of contention is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered an linguistics-related branch or a part of the philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an independent field and should be considered a part of linguistics alongside phonology. syntax, semantics, 프라그마틱 이미지 추천 (visit the following post) etc. Others have argued that the study of pragmatics is a component of philosophy because it deals with how our notions of the meaning and use of languages influence our theories of how languages function.

This debate has been fueled by a few key issues that are central to the study of pragmatism. Some scholars have suggested for instance, that pragmatics isn't a discipline by itself because it studies how people interpret and use language without necessarily referring to facts about what was actually said. This type of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Certain scholars have argued that this study ought to be considered an academic discipline because it examines how social and 프라그마틱 불법 cultural factors influence the meaning and use of language. This is known as near-side pragmatics.

Other topics of discussion in pragmatics are the ways we think about the nature of utterance interpretation as an inferential process and the importance that primary pragmatic processes play in the determination of what is being spoken by the speaker in a particular sentence. These are topics that are more thoroughly discussed in the papers of Recanati and Bach. Both papers deal with the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment. These are crucial pragmatic processes in the sense that they shape the overall meaning of a statement.

What is the difference between explanatory and free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics examines how the context affects the meaning of linguistics. It examines the way human language is used during social interaction and the relationship between the speaker and interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus in pragmatics.

Different theories of pragmatics have been developed over the years. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, focus on the intention of communication of the speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory, focus on the processes of understanding that occur during utterance interpretation by hearers. Certain pragmatic approaches have been incorporated together with other disciplines like philosophy or cognitive science.

There are also a variety of opinions on the boundary between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers, such as Morris, believe that pragmatics and semantics are two distinct topics. He says that semantics deal with the relation of words to objects which they may or may not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the usage of words in a context.

Other philosophers such as Bach and Harnish have claimed that pragmatism is a subfield of semantics. They define "near-side" and "far-side" pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics focuses on the words spoken, while far-side pragmatics focuses on the logical implications of saying something. They believe that a portion of the 'pragmatics' in an expression are already determined by semantics while the rest is determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.

One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is contextually dependent. This means that the same phrase can mean different things in different contexts, based on things like indexicality and ambiguity. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, and expectations of the listener.

A second aspect of pragmatics is its particularity in culture. This is because each culture has its own rules about what is appropriate in various situations. In certain cultures, it's considered polite to make eye contact. In other cultures, it's considered rude.

There are a variety of views of pragmatics, and lots of research is being conducted in the field. Some of the main areas of research include: formal and computational pragmatics; theoretical and experimental pragmatics; cross-cultural and intercultural pragmatics; and clinical and experimental pragmatics.

How is free Pragmatics similar to explanation Pragmatics?

The discipline of pragmatics, a linguistic field, is concerned with the way meaning is conveyed through the use of language in a context. It evaluates how the speaker's intentions and beliefs influence interpretation, with less attention paid to grammaral characteristics of the expression rather than what is said. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are called pragmaticians. The subject of pragmatics is closely related to other areas of linguistics such as semantics, syntax and philosophy of language.

In recent times the field of pragmatics has evolved in a variety of directions. This includes conversational pragmatics and computational linguistics. These areas are characterized by a wide variety of research, which addresses aspects like lexical features and 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프 the interaction between discourse, language and meaning.

One of the most important issues in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to provide a rigorous, systematic account of the pragmatics/semantics interface. Some philosophers have claimed that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is not clear and that pragmatics and semantics are actually the identical.

It is not uncommon for scholars to go back and forth between these two perspectives and argue that certain phenomena are either pragmatics or semantics. Some scholars say that if a statement carries the literal truth conditional meaning, it is semantics. Others argue that the fact that a statement can be read differently is a sign of pragmatics.

Other pragmatics researchers have taken a different view, arguing that the truth-conditional meaning of an utterance is only one among many ways in which an expression can be understood and that all of these interpretations are valid. This method is often referred to as far-side pragmatics.

Recent research in pragmatics has attempted to integrate semantic and far side approaches. It attempts to represent the full range of interpretational possibilities that a speaker's speech can offer, by modeling the way in which the speaker's beliefs and intentions affect the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine a Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts that the listeners will be able to consider a variety of possible exhaustified interpretations of an utterance containing the universal FCI any, and that this is what makes the exclusivity implicature so robust as in comparison to other possible implicatures.