Created page with "What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics examines the relationship between context and language. It addresses issues such as what do people mean by the words they use?<br><br>It's a philosophy that focuses on practical and reasonable actions. It's in opposition to idealism, the belief that you must abide to your beliefs.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the ways that people who speak find meaning from and each with each other. It is typically tho..."
 
mNo edit summary
 
Line 1: Line 1:
What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics examines the relationship between context and language. It addresses issues such as what do people mean by the words they use?<br><br>It's a philosophy that focuses on practical and reasonable actions. It's in opposition to idealism, the belief that you must abide to your beliefs.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the ways that people who speak find meaning from and each with each other. It is typically thought of as a component of language however it differs from semantics because pragmatics looks at what the user intends to convey, not what the meaning actually is.<br><br>As a research area the field of pragmatics is still relatively new and its research has expanded quickly in the past few decades. It is a language academic field however, it has also influenced research in other areas such as psychology, sociolinguistics and the field of anthropology.<br><br>There are many different approaches to pragmatics that have contributed to the growth and development of this discipline. One is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which is based primarily on the notions of intention and the interaction with the speaker's knowledge about the listener's understanding. Other perspectives on pragmatics include conceptual and lexical aspects of pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the wide range of topics that researchers in pragmatics have investigated.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has been focused on a broad range of subjects that include L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL learners and the role of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It has been applied to cultural and social phenomena such as political speech, discriminatory speech, and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers also have employed various methods that range from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C illustrates that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics varies depending on which database is used. The US and the UK are among the top researchers in pragmatics research, yet their ranking varies by database. This is because pragmatics is multidisciplinary and interspersed with other disciplines.<br><br>It is therefore hard to classify the top authors in pragmatics solely based on the number of their publications. It is possible to identify influential authors by examining their contributions to pragmatics. For example Bambini's contribution in pragmatics has led to concepts like conversational implicature and politeness theory. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also highly influential authors of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics concentrates on the contexts and users of language usage instead of focusing on reference, truth, or grammar. It examines the ways in which one phrase can be interpreted as meaning different things from different contexts, including those caused by ambiguity or indexicality. It also focuses on the strategies that listeners employ to determine if utterances are intended to be a communication. It is closely related to the theory of conversative implicature, which was developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is a well-known, long-established one however, there is a lot of controversy regarding the exact boundaries of these disciplines. For instance some philosophers have claimed that the concept of sentence's meaning is an aspect of semantics while others have claimed that this sort of thing should be treated as a pragmatic problem.<br><br>Another controversy concerns whether pragmatics is a part of philosophy of languages or a subset of the study of linguistics. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is a subject in its own right and that it should be considered distinct from the field of linguistics, alongside syntax, phonology, semantics and so on. Others have claimed that the study of pragmatics should be considered part of the philosophy of language since it examines the ways that our beliefs about the meanings and functions of language influence our theories about how languages function.<br><br>This debate has been fueled by a handful of issues that are central to the study of pragmatism. For  [https://gpsites.stream/story.php?title=11-faux-pas-that-actually-are-okay-to-make-with-your-pragmatic-free 프라그마틱 정품] 추천 ([https://telegra.ph/An-Guide-To-Pragmatic-In-2024-09-15 Telegra.Ph]) example, some scholars have claimed that pragmatics isn't an academic discipline in and of itself since it studies the ways in which people interpret and use language without necessarily referring to any facts about what is actually being said. This type of approach is called far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that this study should be considered a field in its own right, since it examines the ways in which the meaning and use of language is dependent on cultural and social factors. This is called near-side pragmatics.<br><br>Other areas of discussion in pragmatics include the way we think about the nature of the utterance interpretation process as an inferential process and the role that primary pragmatic processes play in the analysis of what is being said by an individual speaker in a sentence. These are topics that are discussed a bit more extensively in the papers written by Recanati and Bach. Both papers deal with the notions of saturation as well as free pragmatic enrichment. These are important pragmatic processes in the sense that they aid in shaping the meaning of a statement.<br><br>What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on how the context affects the meaning of linguistics. It evaluates how human language is utilized in social interactions, as well as the relationship between the interpreter and the speaker. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are referred to as pragmaticians.<br><br>Many different theories of pragmatics have been developed over time. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, concentrate on the communication intention of a speaker. Relevance Theory, for example is a study of the processes of understanding that take place when listeners interpret utterances. Certain practical approaches have been put with other disciplines, like cognitive science or philosophy.<br><br>There are also a variety of opinions on the boundary between pragmatics and semantics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that semantics and [https://images.google.ms/url?q=https://cocoataurus1.werite.net/10-factors-to-know-concerning-pragmatic-free-you-didnt-learn-in-school 라이브 카지노]; [https://horncarrot8.bravejournal.net/7-simple-tips-to-totally-making-a-statement-with-your-pragmatic-image Horncarrot8.Bravejournal.net], pragmatism are two different topics. He claims semantics concerns the relationship between signs and objects that they might or may not denote whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in context.<br><br>Other philosophers,  [https://instapages.stream/story.php?title=the-ultimate-glossary-of-terms-about-pragmatic-free 슬롯] like Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatics is a subfield within semantics. They distinguish between 'near-side and far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concentrates on what is said, while far-side pragmatics is focused on the logical implications of saying something. They believe that semantics is already determining the logical implications of an expression, whereas other pragmatics is determined by the pragmatic processes.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is contextually dependent. This means that the same utterance can have different meanings in different contexts, based on factors such as indexicality and ambiguity. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression include discourse structure, speaker intentions and beliefs, as well as the expectations of the listener.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is a matter of culture. This is due to different cultures having their own rules regarding what is appropriate to say in different situations. In some cultures, it's considered polite to look at each other. In other cultures, it's rude.<br><br>There are numerous perspectives on pragmatics and much research is being conducted in this area. There are a variety of areas of research, including formal and computational pragmatics, theoretical and experimental pragmatics, cross and intercultural linguistic pragmatics and pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.<br><br>How does free Pragmatics compare to explanation Pragmatics?<br><br>The pragmatics discipline is concerned with the way meaning is communicated by the language in a context. It analyzes how the speaker's intentions and beliefs contribute to interpretation, and focuses less on the grammatical aspects of the speech rather than what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus in pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics is closely related to other areas of linguistics, such as syntax, semantics and the philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent times the field of pragmatics developed in many different directions. These include computational linguistics and conversational pragmatics. These areas are characterized by a wide variety of research, which focuses on issues like lexical characteristics and the interplay between language, discourse, and meaning.<br><br>In the philosophical debate about pragmatics one of the main issues is whether it is possible to provide a thorough and systematic explanation of the interplay between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers have claimed it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is unclear and that semantics and pragmatics are really the same thing.<br><br>The debate between these two positions is usually an ongoing debate and scholars arguing that particular phenomena are a part of either semantics or pragmatics. Some scholars believe that if a statement is interpreted with the literal truth conditional meaning, it is semantics. Others argue that the possibility that a statement may be interpreted differently is pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in pragmatics have taken a different approach and argue that the truth-conditional meaning of an expression is only one of many ways that the expression can be understood, and that all of these interpretations are valid. This approach is often known as far-side pragmatics.<br><br>Some recent work in pragmatics has attempted to combine both approaches trying to understand the full scope of the interpretive possibilities for an utterance by describing how a speaker's intentions and beliefs influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine an Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts that the listeners will consider a range of possible exhaustified interpretations of a speech that contains the universal FCI any which is what makes the exclusivity implicature so robust as compared to other plausible implicatures.
What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the connection between context, language and meaning. It addresses issues like What do people mean by the terms they use?<br><br>It's a philosophy that is focused on sensible and practical actions. It's in opposition to idealism, which is the belief that you must always abide to your beliefs.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of ways that language users find meaning from and each with each other. It is typically thought of as a part of the language, although it differs from semantics in the sense that pragmatics looks at what the user is trying to convey, not what the meaning actually is.<br><br>As a research field, pragmatics is relatively young and its research has expanded rapidly in the last few decades. It has been mostly an academic field of study within linguistics but it also has an impact on research in other fields, such as speech-language pathology, psychology sociolinguistics and anthropology.<br><br>There are a variety of perspectives on pragmatics, which have contributed to its growth and development. One perspective is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which focuses on the notions of intention and their interaction with the speaker's understanding of the listener's understanding. The lexical and concept approaches to pragmatics are also views on the topic. These views have contributed to the wide range of topics that pragmatics researchers have studied.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has focused on a variety of subjects, including L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL learners, and the role of theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It has been applied to social and cultural phenomena such as political discourse, discriminatory speech and interpersonal communication. Researchers in pragmatics have used various methods from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics is different according to the database used, as shown in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are two of the top performers in pragmatics research. However, their ranking is dependent on the database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is multidisciplinary and intersects with other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to classify the top pragmatics authors by their publications only. However, it is possible to determine the most influential authors through analyzing their contributions to pragmatics. For example Bambini's contribution to the field of pragmatics has led to concepts like conversational implicature and politeness theory. Other highly influential authors in the field of pragmatics are Grice, Saul and Kasper.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on the contexts and users of language use rather than focusing on reference grammar, truth, or. It studies the ways that an phrase can be interpreted as meaning various things depending on the context as well as those triggered by indexicality or ambiguity. It also focuses on the strategies employed by listeners to determine which phrases have a message. It is closely linked to the theory of conversational implicature, which was developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>The boundaries between these two disciplines are a subject of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is widely recognized, it's not always clear where the lines should be drawn. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the notion of a sentence meaning is an aspect of semantics while others have claimed that this sort of thing should be treated as a pragmatic problem.<br><br>Another area of debate is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered a branch of linguistics or an aspect of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an autonomous discipline and should be treated as part of linguistics, along with the study of phonology. syntax, semantics, etc. Others, however, have argued that the study of pragmatics should be viewed as part of the philosophy of language since it deals with the ways that our beliefs about the meanings and [https://gitea.dsp-archiwebo21a-ai.fr/pragmaticplay5613 프라그마틱 게임] functions of language influence our theories of how languages function.<br><br>The debate has been fuelled by a handful of questions that are essential to the study of pragmatism. Some scholars have argued for instance that pragmatics isn't an academic discipline in and of itself since it examines how people interpret and use the language, without necessarily referring to facts about what was actually said. This kind of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that the study should be considered a discipline in its own right, since it examines the way in which the meaning and usage of language is dependent on cultural and social factors. This is known as near-side pragmatism.<br><br>The field of pragmatics also discusses the inferential nature and [http://124.192.206.82:3000/pragmaticplay6988/6762063/wiki/10+Healthy+Habits+To+Use+Pragmatic+Ranking 프라그마틱 사이트] [https://git.yqfqzmy.monster/pragmaticplay5581/7623pragmatic-kr/wiki/Five+Killer+Quora+Answers+On+Pragmatic+Kr 프라그마틱 정품 사이트]확인방법 - [http://47.112.106.146:9002/pragmaticplay7413 47.112.106.146], meaning of utterances, as well as the significance of the primary pragmatic processes in determining what a speaker means in a sentence. These are topics that are more thoroughly discussed in the papers of Recanati and Bach. Both papers deal with the notions of saturation and  [https://www.suika.org/pragmaticplay2661/4648748/wiki/24-Hours-For-Improving-Pragmatic-Authenticity-Verification 무료 프라그마틱] free pragmatic enrichment, which are important pragmatic processes in the sense that they help to shape the meaning of a statement.<br><br>What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on the way in which context influences the meaning of language. It examines the way human language is used during social interaction and the relationship between speaker and interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus in pragmatics.<br><br>Many different theories of pragmatics have been developed over the years. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, focus on the communicative intent of speakers. Relevance Theory, for example is focused on the processes of understanding that occur when listeners interpret the meaning of utterances. Some pragmatic approaches have been incorporated together with other disciplines such as philosophy or cognitive science.<br><br>There are different opinions regarding the boundary between pragmatics and semantics. Some philosophers, such as Morris believes that semantics and pragmatics are two separate topics. He claims that semantics is concerned with the relationship between signs and objects they may or may not refer to, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in a context.<br><br>Other philosophers, including Bach and Harnish have also argued that pragmatics is a subfield within semantics. They differentiate between 'near-side and 'far-side' pragmatism. Near-side pragmatics concentrates on what is said, whereas far-side pragmatics concentrates on the logical consequences of saying something. They believe that a portion of the 'pragmatics' of an utterance is already determined by semantics, while other 'pragmatics' are determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.<br><br>The context is among the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same phrase could have different meanings in different contexts, based on factors such as ambiguity and indexicality. Discourse structure, speaker beliefs and intentions, and expectations of the audience can also alter the meaning of a word.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is a matter of culture. It is because each culture has its own rules for what is appropriate in various situations. For instance, it is polite in some cultures to look at each other however it is not acceptable in other cultures.<br><br>There are a variety of views of pragmatics, and a great deal of research is being conducted in the field. There are a myriad of areas of research, such as formal and computational pragmatics, theoretical and experimental pragmatism, intercultural and cross pragmatics in linguistics, and pragmatics in the clinical and experimental sense.<br><br>How is Free Pragmatics Similar to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics is concerned with how meaning is communicated by language in context. It is less concerned with the grammatical structure that is used in the utterance and more on what the speaker is saying. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics has a link to other areas of the study of linguistics such as syntax and semantics or philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years the field of pragmatics has grown in a variety of directions that include computational linguistics, conversational pragmatics, and theoretical pragmatics. These areas are distinguished by a broad range of research, which addresses topics such as lexical features and the interaction between language, discourse, and meaning.<br><br>In the philosophical debate about pragmatism one of the main issues is whether it is possible to give a rigorous and systematic account of the interface between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers have suggested that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is not clear and that pragmatics and semantics are in fact the identical.<br><br>It is not unusual for scholars to debate between these two perspectives, arguing that certain phenomena fall under either pragmatics or semantics. For instance certain scholars argue that if an utterance has the literal truth-conditional meaning, it is semantics, while others argue that the fact that a statement may be interpreted in various ways is pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in pragmatics have taken an alternative approach. They argue that the truth-conditional interpretation for a statement is just one of the many possible interpretations and that they are all valid. This is often called "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Some recent work in pragmatics has sought to integrate semantic and [https://git.worfu.com/pragmaticplay3204/lashunda2018/issues/1 프라그마틱 슬롯] far-side approaches, attempting to capture the full scope of the possibilities of an utterance's interpretation by describing how a speaker's intentions and beliefs contribute to the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine an Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). The model predicts that listeners will be entertained by a variety of exhausted parses of an utterance that contains the universal FCI Any. This is why the exclusiveness implicature is so robust when compared to other plausible implications.

Latest revision as of 18:04, 23 December 2024

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the connection between context, language and meaning. It addresses issues like What do people mean by the terms they use?

It's a philosophy that is focused on sensible and practical actions. It's in opposition to idealism, which is the belief that you must always abide to your beliefs.

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of ways that language users find meaning from and each with each other. It is typically thought of as a part of the language, although it differs from semantics in the sense that pragmatics looks at what the user is trying to convey, not what the meaning actually is.

As a research field, pragmatics is relatively young and its research has expanded rapidly in the last few decades. It has been mostly an academic field of study within linguistics but it also has an impact on research in other fields, such as speech-language pathology, psychology sociolinguistics and anthropology.

There are a variety of perspectives on pragmatics, which have contributed to its growth and development. One perspective is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which focuses on the notions of intention and their interaction with the speaker's understanding of the listener's understanding. The lexical and concept approaches to pragmatics are also views on the topic. These views have contributed to the wide range of topics that pragmatics researchers have studied.

The study of pragmatics has focused on a variety of subjects, including L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL learners, and the role of theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It has been applied to social and cultural phenomena such as political discourse, discriminatory speech and interpersonal communication. Researchers in pragmatics have used various methods from experimental to sociocultural.

The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics is different according to the database used, as shown in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are two of the top performers in pragmatics research. However, their ranking is dependent on the database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is multidisciplinary and intersects with other disciplines.

This makes it difficult to classify the top pragmatics authors by their publications only. However, it is possible to determine the most influential authors through analyzing their contributions to pragmatics. For example Bambini's contribution to the field of pragmatics has led to concepts like conversational implicature and politeness theory. Other highly influential authors in the field of pragmatics are Grice, Saul and Kasper.

What is Free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics focuses on the contexts and users of language use rather than focusing on reference grammar, truth, or. It studies the ways that an phrase can be interpreted as meaning various things depending on the context as well as those triggered by indexicality or ambiguity. It also focuses on the strategies employed by listeners to determine which phrases have a message. It is closely linked to the theory of conversational implicature, which was developed by Paul Grice.

The boundaries between these two disciplines are a subject of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is widely recognized, it's not always clear where the lines should be drawn. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the notion of a sentence meaning is an aspect of semantics while others have claimed that this sort of thing should be treated as a pragmatic problem.

Another area of debate is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered a branch of linguistics or an aspect of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an autonomous discipline and should be treated as part of linguistics, along with the study of phonology. syntax, semantics, etc. Others, however, have argued that the study of pragmatics should be viewed as part of the philosophy of language since it deals with the ways that our beliefs about the meanings and 프라그마틱 게임 functions of language influence our theories of how languages function.

The debate has been fuelled by a handful of questions that are essential to the study of pragmatism. Some scholars have argued for instance that pragmatics isn't an academic discipline in and of itself since it examines how people interpret and use the language, without necessarily referring to facts about what was actually said. This kind of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that the study should be considered a discipline in its own right, since it examines the way in which the meaning and usage of language is dependent on cultural and social factors. This is known as near-side pragmatism.

The field of pragmatics also discusses the inferential nature and 프라그마틱 사이트 프라그마틱 정품 사이트확인방법 - 47.112.106.146, meaning of utterances, as well as the significance of the primary pragmatic processes in determining what a speaker means in a sentence. These are topics that are more thoroughly discussed in the papers of Recanati and Bach. Both papers deal with the notions of saturation and 무료 프라그마틱 free pragmatic enrichment, which are important pragmatic processes in the sense that they help to shape the meaning of a statement.

What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics focuses on the way in which context influences the meaning of language. It examines the way human language is used during social interaction and the relationship between speaker and interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus in pragmatics.

Many different theories of pragmatics have been developed over the years. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, focus on the communicative intent of speakers. Relevance Theory, for example is focused on the processes of understanding that occur when listeners interpret the meaning of utterances. Some pragmatic approaches have been incorporated together with other disciplines such as philosophy or cognitive science.

There are different opinions regarding the boundary between pragmatics and semantics. Some philosophers, such as Morris believes that semantics and pragmatics are two separate topics. He claims that semantics is concerned with the relationship between signs and objects they may or may not refer to, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in a context.

Other philosophers, including Bach and Harnish have also argued that pragmatics is a subfield within semantics. They differentiate between 'near-side and 'far-side' pragmatism. Near-side pragmatics concentrates on what is said, whereas far-side pragmatics concentrates on the logical consequences of saying something. They believe that a portion of the 'pragmatics' of an utterance is already determined by semantics, while other 'pragmatics' are determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.

The context is among the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same phrase could have different meanings in different contexts, based on factors such as ambiguity and indexicality. Discourse structure, speaker beliefs and intentions, and expectations of the audience can also alter the meaning of a word.

Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is a matter of culture. It is because each culture has its own rules for what is appropriate in various situations. For instance, it is polite in some cultures to look at each other however it is not acceptable in other cultures.

There are a variety of views of pragmatics, and a great deal of research is being conducted in the field. There are a myriad of areas of research, such as formal and computational pragmatics, theoretical and experimental pragmatism, intercultural and cross pragmatics in linguistics, and pragmatics in the clinical and experimental sense.

How is Free Pragmatics Similar to Explanatory Pragmatics?

The discipline of pragmatics is concerned with how meaning is communicated by language in context. It is less concerned with the grammatical structure that is used in the utterance and more on what the speaker is saying. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics has a link to other areas of the study of linguistics such as syntax and semantics or philosophy of language.

In recent years the field of pragmatics has grown in a variety of directions that include computational linguistics, conversational pragmatics, and theoretical pragmatics. These areas are distinguished by a broad range of research, which addresses topics such as lexical features and the interaction between language, discourse, and meaning.

In the philosophical debate about pragmatism one of the main issues is whether it is possible to give a rigorous and systematic account of the interface between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers have suggested that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is not clear and that pragmatics and semantics are in fact the identical.

It is not unusual for scholars to debate between these two perspectives, arguing that certain phenomena fall under either pragmatics or semantics. For instance certain scholars argue that if an utterance has the literal truth-conditional meaning, it is semantics, while others argue that the fact that a statement may be interpreted in various ways is pragmatics.

Other researchers in pragmatics have taken an alternative approach. They argue that the truth-conditional interpretation for a statement is just one of the many possible interpretations and that they are all valid. This is often called "far-side pragmatics".

Some recent work in pragmatics has sought to integrate semantic and 프라그마틱 슬롯 far-side approaches, attempting to capture the full scope of the possibilities of an utterance's interpretation by describing how a speaker's intentions and beliefs contribute to the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine an Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). The model predicts that listeners will be entertained by a variety of exhausted parses of an utterance that contains the universal FCI Any. This is why the exclusiveness implicature is so robust when compared to other plausible implications.