Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction
A ramp for wheelchairs is an important tool for helping your loved ones live at home independently. If not designed correctly they could be dangerous to use.
ADA regulations require level landings at any changes in direction to avoid compound slopes. They also must provide a surface that is gripping for wheelchair users.
Design
The ramp's design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards so that wheelchairs are able to move around the structure easily. The ramp's slope shouldn't exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings should be level at any change of direction or shift on the ramp's surface. The ramp must also be constructed of treated lumber that is more robust and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.
The top and bottom of the ramp should be clear of obstacles such as trees, bushes or other structures that can interfere with the safe passage of the ramp's user. In addition the surface of the ramp must be smooth and non-slip. Certain municipalities require an anti-slip running surface on the ramp's entire length.
Use treated lumber at least four inches in width for the frame of the ramp. Create posts to anchor the ramp, ensuring they are at least eight feet apart and that they extend beyond ground level. The posts must then be connected to the ramp's railings using spindles. This kind of connection is preferred because it decreases the chance of an operator of the ramp falling off the side of the ramp.
Next, build the ramp's frame using joists that are at least 16 inches long and beams of 2 by 4 inches. The joists should be at minimum 18 inches above the ground and secured by joist hangings which are nails that grip inside the joists to prevent them from sliding. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.
Create an upper landing in the doorway, allowing temporary wheelchair ramp users to control the doorswing easily. The landing should be 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of doors that out-swing. The landing for in-swinging doors should be 58 x 60 in order to accommodate the threshold of the door and wheelchair users who need to go backwards through the doorway.
Install a level landing when you change the direction of the ramp to stop wheelchairs from having their brakes at corners. A level landing makes it easier to remove a ramp of the path if needed, so that equipment like lawnmowers can pass beneath it.
Materials
The material used to construct ramps for wheelchairs could be made of wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installation service will help you choose which one is suitable for your business or home. When selecting the material for the ramp, it is important to consider your budget and specific needs. The ramp should be easy to maintain, and it should be safe to use. Some cities require that the ramp be laid with a non-slip surface.
Before you purchase any materials or begin construction, make sure that you have the necessary permits from your local government, and ensure that you adhere to all building codes within your area. Using the incorrect materials or methods of construction could result in hazardous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find current construction requirements in your local government building department, library or on the internet.
Wood ramps can be the least expensive alternative for ADA ramp materials. However, they require more maintenance. Wood ramps should be maintained regularly using a sealer in order to prevent decay. Wood can splinter and be hazardous for those using wheelchairs. Wood ramps may also require additional support in order to keep the structure in place.
Concrete ramps can be costly, but are durable and last for a long time. They are heavy, which means more labor is required to install them, and they can make it difficult to move the ramp when it is no longer required. Concrete ramps are sturdy enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs.
Aluminum telescopic ramps for wheelchairs are lighter than concrete or steel however they offer the same strength and corrosion resistance. They are also cheaper than steel or iron and are a great option for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is environmentally friendly since it is found in the earth's crust naturally and is recyclable.
The ramp's upper landing should be in a level area or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door, allowing wheelchairs with smaller wheels to move across the ramp without getting stuck. Ramps with a gap that is larger than this will not conform to ADA standards. You should also ensure that the ramp transitions smoothly between the upper landing and the ground. The ramp's last section should be curved to ensure that wheelchairs don't stop abruptly when entering or leaving the home.
Installation
A wheelchair ramp is a ramp that has a plane ramp that can be used as an alternative to or in addition to stairs. It lets wheelchair users and those who use carts or strollers to access areas that would otherwise be difficult to reach like an entranceway or a set of steep steps.
When choosing a electric wheelchair ramp for van accessible ramp, there are numerous factors to consider, including the location, height, and cost. A ramp should be located near the door as is possible to prevent unnecessary travel. It should be set at an angle that is easily accessed by the person who is using it. It should also be properly secured to the ground and free of obstructions, like shrubbery or parked cars.
ADA regulations stipulate that ramps must are equipped with handrails either side. These rails should be at least 36 inches apart and have an edging surface that is smooth or rounded. In addition, they must be attached to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches over the ramp edge. If a ramp is equipped with switchesbacks or an L-shaped layout handrails must be continuous between the ramp's edges.
The length of a ramp depends on the slope, however there are a few common ramp types that are suitable for most situations. For instance the threshold ramp is placed right on the edge of a curb or the threshold of a doorway while ramps that are supportec portable wheelchair ramp - This Internet site - can be moved from one location to another and are available in a variety of sizes. There are also modular aluminum ramps that can be constructed on site. These are usually used for commercial or public spaces and are usually longer than the threshold and ramps that are portable.
Consult with your city's building department to determine the need for a permit for a permanent ramp. Also, you should consult a mobility specialist about the kind of ramp that works best for your space and needs. In some instances installing an ongoing ramp could boost the value of your home.
Maintenance
It is essential to ensure that your wheelchair ramp is well maintained, especially if will be using it often. You'll need to perform regular inspections, and fix any structural issues as they develop. This will help ensure the ramp is compliant with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.
Wooden ramps require regular maintenance to remove debris and dirt that can obstruct access. Keep the ramp clean to prevent moisture from accumulating beneath the surface. This can lead to the onset of rot. Preservatives and stains for wood only work effectively if the ramp is completely clean before application.
Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps due to the fact that they are more prone to wear and tear. The most important thing to do is ensure that you have the appropriate tools for the job. To make sure that all fixings are secure and secure, you will need a good set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. You should also regularly inspect the handrails for signs corrosion or damage. It's possible that, over time, and with repeated use, some of the fittings and bolts that secure the handrails could loosen and cause an extremely dangerous risk for those who use the ramp.
It is also essential to ensure that the surface of the ramp is sufficiently grippy, especially in winter when the conditions can be challenging. You'll need to remove any leaves, dirt and other debris that could obstruct the surface and cause slippage. Additionally, you'll need to apply a non-corrosive ice melt to the ramp surface before winter arrives to avoid slips and causing injury.
If you're planning to use your ramp throughout the winter, consider investing in wheels for traction or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. They're specifically designed to aid in tracking on uneven surfaces and snow, so they'll be more efficient than standard wheelchair tires in helping you stay on the ramp. You can also utilize heating pads or tape to melt the snow and ice on the ramp before it accumulates.