Getting an ADHD Diagnosis
A diagnosis of ADHD can alter your life. It is the reason why some people struggle to stay focused, following directions or staying focused.
Ask your family doctor or therapist to refer you to an expert. Also make sure to contact your insurance provider to determine if they cover ADHD evaluations for adults.
Diagnosis Process
For adults, a correct diagnosis will require an assessment by a psychologist, psychiatrist or specialist nurse. These are the only healthcare experts who can diagnose ADHD in adults.
A typical initial evaluation will begin with a detailed interview about your life and the symptoms. The healthcare professional will be interested in knowing the length of time your symptoms have been present and how they impact your daily life. They may also ask to speak to an immediate family member or friend about your symptoms.
The process of evaluation could also include questions regarding your childhood. Since current guidelines do not permit a doctor to diagnose ADHD in adults without evidence of the disorder being present in childhood, your healthcare provider might be able to examine your school records or talk to teachers or other individuals who knew you as a kid. They will also discuss whether you've had any other mental health issues like anxiety or depression.
In some cases, an evaluator may recommend cognitive tests, such as IQ tests or assessments for learning or memory problems. They may also suggest that you undergo other types of medical tests to rule out physical issues that may be causing your symptoms.
If a healthcare professional believes that your symptoms are caused by ADHD they will suggest additional tests to confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity. These tests may include blood and urine tests, a medical examination and, possibly, educational or psychological testing.
The tests are used to measure the levels of certain chemicals within your body that could be associated with ADHD like dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. They will also check your heart rate and blood pressure. You could also receive an spirometry test, which measures lung capacity. They may also suggest an imaging scan of the brain to look for functional or structural problems. In some instances the evaluator might suggest that you or your child be examined for other conditions that may have similar symptoms to ADHD such as depression and anxiety, or mood and personality disorders.
The Interview
There are many ADHD questions and tests that you can use to test your knowledge, prior to scheduling an appointment with your physician. These tests could alert you to the possibility that you have ADHD however the clinical interview with your doctor is the only way to confirm the diagnosis.
This process can last between 2 and 3 hours. It includes explaining to the patient the concept of ADHD and the possible impact it has on their symptoms. It could also involve the doctor seeking out a history of depression or abuse of substances since these conditions are often co-occurring with ADHD.
A good diagnostic interview will involve a discussion of the patient's symptoms and their impact, and the psychologist or psychiatrist will use a checklist designed to evaluate hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattentiveness. Additionally, the therapist will want to review school records and interview teachers. If the patient is an adult diagnosis of adhd, a spouse or family member might also be interviewed. Personal insight can reveal facts that cannot be gleaned from questionnaires.
Some doctors rush through this procedure or insist on only seeing a patient once rather than completing a complete evaluation. This could lead to a incorrect diagnosis. If a doctor is too fundamentalist about the criteria for diagnosing ADHD and states that a patient must display more than six symptoms in order to receive a diagnosis this is a red flag.
For adults, the evaluator may request the patient to fill out ratings for each symptom on an ADHD checklist and then provide examples of how the symptoms have affected the patient's life. The evaluator compares the scores to the checklist and assesses for ADHD.
For some adults, it could be a relief to be diagnosed with ADHD. The sub-conscious emotions, like guilt or sadness for not achieving expectations or that the disorder wasn't noticed until later in the life, can be a bit complicated. ADHD is defined by impulsivity and a lack of focus. These characteristics can have serious consequences in many areas, including relationships as well as careers and health.
The Tests
It can be a challenge and confusing to get an ADHD diagnosis. It requires a lot of paperwork and interviews as well as tests. The best method to prepare is to seek suggestions from family members, friends and doctors you are confident with. You must also research the doctor and their professional credentials to ensure they're a good fit to your needs. It is crucial to find a specialist that specializes in ADHD diagnosis. This will ensure that you or your child is getting an accurate evaluation and the best treatment possible.
The first step of an ADHD assessment is an interview with the evaluator. The assessor will ask questions of your child or yourself to learn more about your symptoms. The evaluator will want to know how your symptoms affect your life and whether they impact work, school or relationships. The evaluator may also use rating scales to measure your ADHD symptoms. These are usually checklists where to get adhd diagnosed you or someone you know is asked a series of questions. For instance, you could be asked if you often forget appointments, or be asked how often you interrupt other people.
Many evaluators will also ask people who diagnosed adhd know you or your child well to complete questionnaires based on their observations of your behavior. Adults could be asked to complete questionnaires by their spouses or children. Children might be asked to fill out questionnaires by teachers, coaches daycare workers, coaches or the nannies. Personal insight can reveal information that cannot be gleaned from a survey.
Certain evaluators might also conduct cognitive tests to determine whether learning or mental disabilities are contributing to your symptoms. They may also test for mood disorders like depression or bipolar disorder, incipient psychosis or substance abuse. They might also test for underlying conditions like seizures and hypothyroidism.
Some evaluators will provide you or your child an ADHD screening test that measures how you respond to targeted and non-target stimuli. The TOVA (Timed On Only Visual Attention) is a computer-based test that has been approved by the FDA that evaluates your capacity to pay close attention and retain a variety of geometric shapes. The test examines the frequency at which you respond to non-targeted stimuli, and how long it takes you to react to the target stimuli. This will help the evaluators determine if you suffer from an impulsive ADHD or inattentional ADHD.
The Follow-Up
A variety of mental health professionals are able to offer ADHD assessments and provide a diagnosis. This can be a psychologist or psychiatrist or a psychotherapist or neurologist. The doctor will want to be aware of your concerns and how long the problems have been occurring. The doctor will also inquire if there is a family history of ADHD. It is believed that the disorder is 70%-80 percent inheritable and that genetics play a big role in whether you or your child is likely to suffer symptoms.
The professional will be interested in knowing how your your child's ADHD impacts your daily life such as at work, home, and at school. He will ask about your or your child's behavior across various environments, since the signs of ADHD differ when they are present in different settings. To be diagnosed with ADHD you or your child will also need to have at least six symptoms of hyperactivity, inattention, or impulsivity that affects the daily activities. This must last at minimum for six months.
To help the specialist make an accurate diagnosis, he will need to rule out other conditions. These could include psychiatric conditions that are not listed above including anxiety and mood disorders, intellectual disabilities and medical conditions that affect the brain, for example, thyroid disorders. The specialist will also ask about your child or yourself's sleeping habits, as well as any injuries or accidents in the past that might have affected your child's or yourself's brain development.
The doctor will also determine whether the signs of ADHD in your child or you are connected to any health issues or medications that you or your child take. Side effects of stimulant medications such as those used to treat ADHD, can include stomachaches and difficulty sleeping. These side effects can also be caused by other medications like sleep medications, antidepressants and some sleep aids.
The specialist will also need to determine whether there is a comorbidity. This means that you or your child may be suffering from another illness that could cause symptoms of ADHD. This can include depression, bipolar disorder or anxiety disorder. The psychiatrist or psychologist will review the information and make the diagnosis.