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Teenagers and children who take ADHD medication tend to focus more effectively, have less impulsive, and feel more calm. They also do better with schoolwork. Some experience a minor slowing in growth and could experience an increase in heart rate or blood pressure while taking these medicines.
There are a variety of medication such as tablets, liquids patches, capsules, and tablets (such as Daytrana). The most popular stimulant is methylphenidate (Adderall). It's available in immediate-release dextroamphetamine dextroamphetamine and extended-release amphetamine salts.
Stimulants
Stimulants are one of the classes of drugs that is effective in treating ADHD. These medications help improve concentration and attention by altering certain neurotransmitters in the brain, including dopamine and norepinephrine. These are the chemicals that regulate the brain's pre-frontal cortex, which is often referred to as the brain's "secretary" because it aids in the planning and organization abilities.
Stimulants are available in both short-acting and long-acting dosages. The short-acting drugs are most effective between 30 and 45 minutes, and must be taken twice or three times a day. They include methylphenidates, such as Ritalin and Concerta amphetamines, such as Adderall and Dexedrine. Amphétamines are stronger and last longer, but they both function in similar ways to improve concentration and attention. Some stimulant medications are available in extended-release forms. These are a better choice because they last between 8 to 12 hours, and are usually taken every day. Some of these medications are powders that you mix with liquids to make drinks, while others are pills.
It may take some time to determine the appropriate medication for you or your child. Your doctor will observe your response to different types of medicines and adjust the dosage as needed. Medications should only be used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan, which will include behavioral therapy and support services.
Non-stimulant ADHD medications take a little longer to start working however they can help you feel more in control and improve your concentration, impulsivity and focus. These drugs don't affect dopamine or norepinephrine in the way that stimulants do, so they can be safer to use over the counter adhd medication a longer period of time. These medications also have less adverse negative effects like constipation, heartburn and reduced sexual drive. Strattera is the first medication that was approved by FDA to treat ADHD. It's a selective reuptake norepinephrine inhibitor. Your doctor may prescribe guanfacine, also known as Intuniv or clonidine, which are both medications in this group.
There are also non-stimulant antidepressants that can be prescribed off-label to treat ADHD. These are older medications in the tricyclic antidepressant family, such as Tofranil (imipramine). Doctors only recommend these drugs when stimulants and other non prescription adhd medication for adults-stimulants don't work or cause too many adverse effects.
Viloxazine or atomoxetine can be prescribed by your physician. These medicines do not have a direct effect however they can help reduce the tendency to be impulsive and improve concentration over time. They're in a distinct drug class than the other options and may cause some side effects such as headaches or shaky hands. Your doctor may also recommend a low-dose antidepressant, bupropion (Wellbutrin), that is not FDA approved for does adhd medication work treatment, but can increase concentration and reduce the risk of impulsivity. It may cause some uncomfortable, but generally not serious, side effects, like hearing ringing, or changes in vision.