The History of the Refrigerator
The standard refrigeration of food generates an enormous amount of greenhouse gas emissions due to leakage of refrigerant and the use of electricity. In 2019 the amount of emissions was 3.2% of the total UK annual territorial GHG emissions.
1959 was the first time fridges were a common feature in British homes. Prior to 1959, the majority of British households depended on cold slabs that were kept in the pantry. These were inefficient at maintaining a constant cool temperature and caused much food loss.
The History of fridges uk in the UK
Refrigerators are essential kitchen appliances that let us keep food and drinks fresh for many days. They're also incredibly energy-efficient. It's easy, though, to forget that refrigerators were once a luxurious product. In fact it wasn't until 1950s when they began to really become popular. However, even before that, it took a very hot summer for them to become popular in the UK.
Before fridges were invented, people would use cold ice boxes that were insulated to keep their food cool. In the winter, they would accumulate blocks of ice on lakes and keep them in storage for warmer months. These Ice boxes were not ideal, however. They were heavy and had to be carried by an "ice man". In 1918 the first electric refrigerators were released to the market. But, it took a while before they were widely used in homes.
The energy efficiency of fridges has improved significantly over time. They use less energy than they did 10 years ago. Some refrigerators consume only 4 kW*h a day (equivalent of 170 W continuously). The majority of refrigerators in the US are energy efficient, with a majority being rated A+.
In the 1950s, manufacturers introduced refrigerators with separate freezer compartments. They also started producing models with a chrome finish, which was very popular at the time. Since then, fridges are made available in a variety colors and finishes. In the 1960s, pastel shades such as turquoise and pink were very popular. Earth-tone colors like almond and avocado green were more popular in the 1980s and the 1970s. In the early 1990s stainless steel was beginning to take over.
Fridges in the 1920s
Before fridges people made use of wooden "ice boxes" to store food and drinks that were fresh. Icemen would bring blocks of ice to fill them and they'd keep things cool throughout the year. Ice boxes were typically found in the kitchens of wealthy families.
In 1918, the first electric refrigerator was launched. It sat atop of the existing ice box in a house. They were large and noisy, as well as expensive. They were also called monitor-tops because of the motors on top of the cabinet. William C. Durant purchased the Mellowes Refrigerator Company in 1918 and established the Guardian Frigidaire to mass-produce refrigerators. Durant was inspired by a design by Cistercian Monk Marcel Audiffren, and Swiss Engineer Albert Singrun. This was an absorption refrigerator, using sulfur dioxide as the refrigerant.
In the 1920s, new refrigerators were affordable to many households. The new refrigerators could store much more food and drinks and kept them cool for a longer time than the old ice boxes.
The advertisements on refrigerators were imaginative, enticing and full of promises about ice-cold drinks and chic designs. These ads are fascinating to read as they offer a glimpse into the world of when they were in the past.
By the end of the 1920s, electric refrigeration was in nearly all homes. Electric utilities pushed the development by offering rebates to those who purchased refrigerators. In the Great Depression, these appliances were considered crucial to the survival of a home and their demand grew even more.
Fridges in the 1950s
Fridges became more common in the 1950s. They were still rare in the 1920s. In the 1960s they were a common sight in almost every home (although it is important to note that you would not have found a fridge in every household in the early days, since this was an expensive luxury for many).
Early refrigerators were utilitarian, simple appliances that fit in with kitchen decor. The refrigerators were typically smaller and were mounted on legs. They were available in a range of colors (though the majority of them were pastels such as mint). In the time of this there were a variety of fridge manufacturers that included Whirlpool (who had recently emerged as a top brand), Gibson, Hotpoint and Tappan.
These brands were all renowned for their high-quality and reliable refrigerators. These brands also had other types of appliances within their product line. For instance, Crosley was a manufacturer of radios prior to their move into refrigerators in the 1940's. They were renowned for their compact refrigerators that fitted well in smaller areas.
In the 1950s, refrigerators were more fashionable and were sold to housewives as a status sign. They were designed in a way that matched the cabinets and the walls of the kitchen and were typically white with chrome handles.
Then in the '60s, fridges began to morph into gadget-centric machines that came with things like separate freezer sections and ice cube makers. Manufacturers also began to use cheaper materials, allowing them to sell their products at a lower cost.
Fridges in the 1960s
Fridges finally became a staple in most households in the 1960s, with a lot of families even having two fridges. They were costly for a while - in America the average fridge cost on average $600 (that's around $7000 in 2024 dollars) however by the end of the 60s they had dropped to $200.
The fridge was a major technological advancement at the time. It revolutionized kitchens and changed the ways we stored our food. The Fridge best price also improved home comfort since it made dairy and meat fresher for longer, allowing people to purchase bulk quantities and prepare meals in advance and store them to be used later.
Early fridges used harmful gases like ammonia, methyl chloride and sulfur dioxide for refrigeration, however this was hazardous for humans since these gases escaped from refrigerators. Many people died of poisoning and it was only in 1929 that a more secure method for cooling food, made of carbon dioxide, was created.
This meant that manufacturers could design safer and more efficient refrigerators for use in homes, with some refrigerators having an internal freezer compartment accessible by opening the fridge door. These fridges were referred to as bi-door and were extremely popular in the 1950s and 1960s.
The 1960s fridges were sleeker and more modern. They were curved with soft curves and a sleek style that suggested a time of efficiency and domestic freedom. The refrigerators were still large however the boxy style of the 1940s was fading.
Fridges Today
Today's fridge freezers come in a wide range of styles, colors and finishes to match your the personal taste and interior of your kitchen. Some fridge freezers come with smart features that connect to Wi-Fi. This lets you quickly alter the settings. Some even come with an integrated camera to look inside the refrigerator.
French door models have taken over the market, since consumers want modern looks and features like water or ice dispensers and flex drawers. In some cases a smart screen. A lot of these appliances are evaluated as A B, A or even A+ for energy efficiency after the overhaul of the mandatory labelling system in UK appliances.
We love this Hotpoint model for its sleek design. It includes a clever UVNano technology that self-sterilises the fridge freezer sale to kill bacteria and two salad drawers that have adjustable humidity sliders. It's also large, with plenty of room for bottles, jars and a generous storage compartment for the door of the fridge.
Refrigerators without an ice tray that is traditional could consume four times more energy than those that do, so look for those with an environmentally friendly ICE+ option that uses much less energy. Alternatively, you can save even more by choosing a model that has an automatic ice maker that creates a continuous supply of ice that is ready to use in the morning.
The best fridges way to help the environment is to buy refrigerators that have an energy efficiency rating of A or A+. It's important to take into consideration the fridge's annual energy consumption as part of your budget for household appliances when choosing an appliance. It is important to remember that the world is not a place where we can afford to take electricity for granted. Everyone should have access to affordable, reliable, abundant electricity to sustain an active, healthy lifestyle and preserve our planet.