Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction
A ramp for wheelchairs can be an important aid to aid a loved one live more independently at home. But if not designed correctly, they can be dangerous to use.
ADA regulations require level landings on any changes in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide an accessible surface for telescopic wheelchair ramps for cars users.
Design
The ramp's design must be in line with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs comfortably navigate the structure. For example, the ramp slope should not exceed a ratio of 1:12 and must have landings that are level upon any direction change or shift in the ramp's surface. It must be constructed of treated lumber which is more durable than untreated and is able to withstand rain better.
The top and bottom of the ramp must be free of obstructions such as bushes, trees or other structures that may hinder the safe movement of the ramp's user. In addition, the surface of the ramp must be hard and non slip wheelchair ramp-slip. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be covered with a non-slip surface.
Use treated lumber at minimum four inches wide for the ramp frame. Build posts to secure the ramp, making sure they are at least eight feet apart, and that they extend beyond the ground level. Spindles are the best way to connect the posts with the railings of the electric wheel chair ramp. This type of connection reduces the risk of a ramp user falling off the ramp.
Then, you can build the ramp's frame using beams 2 by 4 inches in size and joists at least 16 inch long. Make sure that the joists are a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and are secured using hangers for joists, which are nails that grip the inside of the joists and prevent them from sliding off the ground. Attach the ramp decking using framing nails.
Create an upper landing in the doorway to allow wheelchair users to control the doorswing with ease. This landing should have 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of the doors that swing out. The landing for doors that are in-swinging should be 58 x 60 inches to accommodate the threshold of the door as well as a wheelchair user who needs to reverse through the doorway.
Install a level landing at any change in ramp direction to prevent the need for wheelchairs to slam on their brakes when turning corners. A level landing allows you to move the ramp away from the way if necessary, so that lawnmowers or other equipment can slide under it.
Materials
Concrete, wood or aluminium wheelchair ramps uk can be used to construct ramps for wheelchairs. A professional ramp installer can assist you in choosing the right option for your home or office. It is important to consider your specific needs and budget when choosing the materials for the ramp. The ramp must also be easy to maintain and safe for use. Some cities require the ramp to be paved with a non-slip surface.
Before you purchase any material or begin construction, make sure that you have the appropriate permits from your local government and that you follow all building codes within your area. Making use of the incorrect materials or methods of construction could result in hazardous conditions for electric wheelchair ramps for vans users. You can find the most up-to-date information on construction requirements at the building department of your local government office, library or online.
Wood ramps can be the least expensive option for ADA ramp materials. However they need more maintenance. The surface of wood ramps need to be regularly treated with a sealer in order to stop warping and rot. Wood can split and be dangerous for people using wheelchairs. Wood ramps can also require additional support to ensure that the structure is upright and stable.
Concrete ramps are expensive, but are durable and last for a long time. They are also heavy, which requires more labor to install and makes moving the ramp when it is no longer needed difficult. Concrete ramps can handle the weight of heavy power wheelchairs.
Aluminum ramps weigh less than steel or concrete, but they have the same strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also cheaper than steel and iron which makes them a great option for people on budgets. Aluminum is also eco-friendly, since it is found naturally in the earth's crust and can be recycled.
The upper ramp's landing needs to be level or within 3/8 inch of the threshold to allow the smaller front wheels of wheelchairs to move over it without becoming stuck. Ramps that have a gap greater than this won't meet ADA standards. It is also important to make sure that the ramp transitions smoothly between the upper landing and the ground surface. The final section of the ramp should have a beveled edge to ensure that wheelchairs don't stop abruptly at the point of leaving or entering the home.
Installation
A ramp for wheelchairs is an inclined plane that is erected as an addition or in place of stairs. It allows wheelchair users and people who use strollers or carts to access areas that would otherwise be difficult to reach, such as the front door or a set up of steep steps.
When choosing a wheelchair accessible ramp, there are many factors to consider, including the location, height, and price. The ramp should be placed closest to the door to avoid unnecessary traveling. It should also be placed at an elevation that is easy to use by the person who is using it. It should be securely anchored to the floor and clear of obstructions, such as trees, cars parked or other obstacles.
ADA regulations stipulate that ramps must are equipped with handrails either side. The rails should be at minimum 36" apart and have a smooth or rounded gripping surface. They must also be attached to the edge of the ramp and extend 12 inches over it. If a ramp has switchbacks or an L-shaped layout, handrails must be continuous between the ramp's runs.
The length of a ramp depends on the incline, however there are several standard ramps that can be used in most situations. For instance the threshold ramp is placed directly on the lip of a curb or at the threshold of a doorway while portable ramps can be moved from one location to another and are available in many different sizes. Modular aluminum ramps may also be built on-site. These ramps are typically used in public or commercial areas, and tend to be longer.
If you're considering an all-weather ramp, be sure you check with your city's building department to determine if you require a permit. It's also a good idea to consult with a mobility expert to determine what kind of ramp will best fit your requirements and the space that you have. In certain cases installing an all-weather ramp can increase the value of your home.
Maintenance
It's crucial to ensure your wheelchair ramp is well maintained, particularly if you will be using it frequently. You'll need to conduct regular inspections, and fix any structural problems as they arise. This will ensure that the ramp complies with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.
Regularly cleaning wooden ramps is essential to remove dirt and debris that may block access. Cleanliness of the ramp will also prevent moisture from accumulating under the surface and leading to the onset of rot. Preservatives and stains for wood can only be effective when the ramp has been thoroughly cleaned prior to applying.
wheelchair ramps uk ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps because they are more prone to wear and tear. It is essential to have the proper tools. To make sure that all fixings are secure and tight, you will need a good set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. It is also important to regularly check the handrails to make sure they are in good working order and are free of corrosion or damage. As time passes, and with repeated use, it's not uncommon for the fittings or bolts that hold on the handrails to come loose. This could pose an issue for anyone who uses the ramp.
It is also essential to ensure that the surface the ramp is sufficiently grippy particularly in winter, when the conditions can be difficult. You'll need to sweep away any leaves, dirt and other debris that could block the surface and cause slippage. Additionally, you'll need to apply a non-corrosive ice melt to the ramp surface before winter arrives to prevent slips and injury.
If you're planning on using your ramp all winter, consider investing in traction wheels or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. These wheels are made to better track on slippery and snowy surfaces. They will allow you to remain on your ramp for longer than regular wheelchair tires. You can also utilize heating pads or tape to melt snow and ice on the ramp prior to it accumulates.